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- <text id=90TT2145>
- <title>
- Aug. 13, 1990: Rush For Gold:How Silverado Operated
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Aug. 13, 1990 Iraq On The March
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BUSINESS, Page 52
- Rush for Gold: How Silverado Operated
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> The collapse of Denver's Silverado Banking has exposed much
- more than just the questionable business relationships of
- President Bush's son Neil. The fall of Colorado's No. 3 savings
- and loan has put the spotlight on a group of go-go bankers and
- developers who, with access to Silverado's money, built
- political influence in Colorado and even Washington.
- </p>
- <p> Congressional investigators are just beginning to probe the
- way in which Silverado was entwined in dubious deals with
- M.D.C. Holdings, the state's largest home builder. Former
- employees of Silverado and M.D.C. have told TIME that the home
- builder made improper campaign contributions to local and
- national politicians. Among those donations were payments made
- to the 1987 re-election campaign of Denver Mayor Federico Pena
- in the hope of ensuring that key portions of a huge new $2.9
- billion airport, then still on the drawing board, would be
- located on land owned by Silverado and M.D.C.
- </p>
- <p> Most Denver residents welcome the 52-sq.-mi. project, not
- only to ease air-traffic congestion but also to provide an
- economic stimulant to a city that has been nearly paralyzed
- since the oil bust of the mid- 1980s. When Pena first ran for
- office in 1983, he opposed the new airport, advocating instead
- an expansion of Denver's Stapleton International Airport. But
- after he was elected, Pena became a supporter of the popular
- project. Throughout 1984, as Denver secretly negotiated with
- neighboring Adams County for a new site, M.D.C. and Silverado
- quietly began buying up farmland that would eventually be
- selected as part of the development corridor leading to the
- airport. "Despite all the millions of profits they were showing
- on paper, M.D.C. and Silverado had been running on empty for
- a long time, and they looked at potential profits from the new
- airport as a savior," says a former key employee of M.D.C.'s
- housing arm.
- </p>
- <p> The new owners of the potentially valuable land were members
- of an emerging power elite in Denver, who proceeded to
- orchestrate formidable civic support for the airport project.
- The main boosters: developer Bill Walters, a colleague of Neil
- Bush's and then president of the Denver Chamber of Commerce;
- Michael Wise, then chairman of Silverado; and Larry Mizel,
- chairman of M.D.C.
- </p>
- <p> Mizel met with Pena in 1986 to urge an accelerated
- time-table for the airport construction. Pena, citing a study
- forecasting the creation of 20,000 new jobs, announced a plan
- to move up the airport's opening date more than a year, to
- 1992. When Pena entered a tight race for re-election in 1987,
- M.D.C. was a principal backer.
- </p>
- <p> Public records show that M.D.C. and its executives
- contributed $34,000 to his campaign. In fact, the company
- funneled additional thousands to Pena through back channels.
- To disguise the extent of its political influence, former
- employees say, M.D.C. coerced many of its building
- subcontractors into making contributions to Pena and then
- allowed them to recoup the money by submitting phony bills for
- construction work. Asked about these contributions, a Pena
- spokesman said, "We have absolutely no knowledge of this."
- </p>
- <p> Local contractors went along with the arrangement because
- M.D.C., relying heavily on junk bonds and a series of loans
- from Silverado, was one of the last big developers to continue
- building projects in Denver after the oil boom collapsed.
- "There was little work in Denver, and M.D.C. said we would be
- blackballed if we didn't go along," a contractor participant
- says.
- </p>
- <p> According to a major building contractor, the contribution
- scheme was not limited to local politics. The contractor told
- TIME that M.D.C. directed his company to contribute thousands
- of dollars to Senators, to the Republican National Committee
- and to a 1986 senatorial fund raiser at which Mizel was the
- host and President Reagan was a guest. Asked about these
- illegal contributions, M.D.C. said it "recently became aware
- of assertions that some of its employees were involved in using
- corporate funds to reimburse subcontractors for political
- contributions." The company said it was investigating the
- allegations. M.D.C.'s Mizel and Silverado's Wise were major,
- aboveboard fund raisers for Bush and Reagan, and were hosts for
- dinners that netted as much as $1 million for the candidates.
- Congressional investigators aim to find out whether the hefty
- fund raising by the Denver executives influenced federal
- regulators to postpone the seizure of Silverado for almost two
- years.
- </p>
- <p> In the end, time ran out for the big-clout club formed by
- Denver's go-go boys. They failed to benefit from the airport's
- progress because the Federal Government finally seized
- Silverado six months before Denver voters gave final approval
- for the giant project.
- </p>
- <p>By Jonathan Beaty/Denver.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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